Half the Sky Free Essays

As we read â€Å"Half the Sky† we had the option to experience how troublesome the lives were for the ladies that were a piece of these horrendous doings to ladies. Originating from a family wherein the larger part is ladies, I can't uncovered to perceive any ladies put in the circumstances that these ladies were placed in; the overwhelming thing about the entire circumstance is that these offensive demonstrations despite everything exist today. With respect to the inquiry, for what reason is the edgy condition of ladies in ruined societies likewise an extraordinary open door for them? This inquiry is an odd inquiry on the grounds that at long last there truly is nothing but bad result to any of this. We will compose a custom exposition test on A large portion of the Sky or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Such a large number of ladies in these ruined societies they scarcely had enough cash to put shoes on their feet. The houses of ill-repute were numerous ladies were snatched and compelled to accomplish work by work or sex is additionally a spot where a portion of these ladies really elected to work at. â€Å"Despite the knowing the information on what really happens to ladies in these houses of ill-repute, a few ladies were so edgy for cash that they intentionally went in the brothel’s to work†. The truth of the matter is, is that these women’s backs were against the dividers monetarily, intellectually, and genuinely, some felt the main way out was to work and bring in cash. Despite the fact that they realized what occurs in these houses of ill-repute. The way that these kinds of things despite everything exists astounds me consistently. To really feel that nowadays individuals despite everything do things like this. One day ideally sooner than later we will wake up and not be worried about any of this. The most effective method to refer to Half the Sky, Papers

Study On Juvenile Psychopaths Essays - Criminology, Crime

Study on Juvenile Psychopaths What is the super predator? The individual are youthful hypercriminals who are carrying out demonstrations of viciousness of extraordinary briskness and fierceness. This freshest wonders in the realm of wrongdoing is maybe the most hazardous test confronting society and law implementation ever. While sociopaths are not new, this type of super criminal surpasses the extent of psychopathic conduct. They are more youthful, progressively fierce, and totally unafraid of the law. While current inquire about on the super predator is rare, I will endeavor to give an sign with respect to the reasons a kid could turn out to be simply such a beast. Savage adolescent hoodlums are progressively awful. John DiIulio, Professor of Politics and Public Affairs at Princeton College, says that The distinction between the adolescent hoodlums of the 1950s and those of the 1970s and mid 1980s was the distinction between the Sharks and the Jets of West Side Story and the Bloods and the Crips. It isn't unfathomable that the segment flood of the next ten years will carry with it youthful lawbreakers who make the Bloods also, the Crips look tame. (10) They are what Professor DiIulio and others call urban super predators; youngsters, regularly from broken homes or alleged useless families, who submit murder, assault, theft, hijacking, and other vicious acts. These sincerely harmed youngsters, frequently are the results of sexual or physical maltreatment. They live in a capricious and brutal present; have no feeling of the past and no expectation for the future; they carry out unspeakably ruthless wrongdoings against others, frequently to satisfy whatever inclinations or wants drive them at the second and their express absence of regret is shocking.(9) Studies uncover that the significant reason for brutal wrongdoing isn't destitution yet family breakdown - explicitly, the nonappearance of a dad in the family unit. Today, at this moment, one-fourth of the considerable number of kids in the United States are living in orphan homes - this signifies 19 million kids without fathers. Contrasted with kids in two parent family homes, these kids will be twice as prone to drop out of school, twice as prone to have kids with only one parent present, and they stand multiple occasions the chance of winding up in neediness, and very nearly multiple times bound to carry out vicious wrongdoing and winding up in prison. (1) The Heritage Foundation - a Conservative research organization - detailed that the ascent in savage wrongdoing in the course of recent years runs straightforwardly corresponding to the ascent in orphan families. In each state in our nation, as indicated by the Heritage establishment, the rate for adolescent wrongdoing is firmly connected to the level of youngsters brought up in single-parent families. And keeping in mind that it has for some time been felt that neediness is the essential driver of wrongdoing, the realities just don't bolster this view. High school criminal conduct has its underlying foundations in constant hardship of parental love and love returning to right on time outset, as indicated by the Heritage Foundation. A dad's regard for his child has huge constructive outcomes on a kid's enthusiastic and social turn of events. Yet, a kid deserted by his dad in denied of a profound feeling of individual security, In a well-working family, he proceeded, the very nearness of the father exemplifies authority and this fatherly authority is basic to the counteraction of psychopathology and misconduct. (2) On the issue of single parent homes, is the issue of the youngsters whose social issues are connected to their moms' split use during pregnancy. These kids are coming to their young a long time and this is a conceivably extremely forceful populace, as indicated by Sheldon Greenberg, chief of Johns Hopkins University's Police Executive Leadership Program. Also, sedate use has more than multiplied among 12-to 17-year-olds since 1991. The mind-boggling basic factor that can be disengaged in deciding if youngsters will be criminal in their conduct is good neediness, Greenberg says. (3) As indicated by the as of late distributed Body Count: Moral Poverty . . . furthermore, How to Win America' s War Against Crime and Drugs, another age of super-predators, immaculate by any ethical tendencies, will hit America's boulevards in the following decade. John DiIulio, the Brookings Institute individual who co-composed the book with William Bennett what's more,

Research Paper on the Tudors Essay Topics

Research Paper on the Tudors Essay TopicsIn order to write your writing, you have to consider all the appropriate research paper on the Tudors essay topics. The life of the English people is a long one. As such, there are numerous events that happened in the past, and some of these events might be too complicated for you to explain to the reader. However, if you can write about these events, it would make for a more attractive story.It is necessary to state that as much as possible, you must take notes while writing a research paper on the Tudors. These people were well educated, so it is easy for you to write about the events. However, you should be wary about your research paper on the Tudors essay topics. Here are a few things that you should bear in mind when writing about these events.Firstly, do not just write what the Tudors did; instead, you have to write what they did. You will need to write about who was involved in the events and how they led to what it was that they did. You have to keep your article from getting too long by describing things that the Tudors might have done in the past.Secondly, you need to find out about any events that took place that you are unable to write about. Of course, this is why you should be cautious when writing about events that occurred many years ago. You can always go over these events when writing your research paper on the Tudors essay topics. You need to be very meticulous in your research because you are not only writing about them, but you are writing about a period of time.Thirdly, you can use history books or newspaper archives. You might be able to get details about many of the event that took place in the past, and you can use this information to describe how it was that the Tudors led to what it was that they did. You have to make sure that you describe each event that took place in detail, and you must not use anecdotes and generalities.Fourthly, you should always remember that just because a person is an important fact for someone, it does not mean that you should write about everything that the person has done. People can get tired of reading about their history and their lives. You have to keep this in mind when writing your research paper on the Tudors essay topics.Fifthly, you should not just base your subjects on things that you know about because you can always check your subject matter with references from other sources. Instead, you should write about things that you have read about, or people who have written about. You should not only base your information on the facts that you have read about, but you should also include what you have heard about, or ideas that you have come up with. Research paper on the Tudors essay topics should include any ideas that you have ever come up with.Sixthly, you need to remember that not every source in history books or newspapers are reliable. These sources may be the only ones that can give you valuable information about the Tudors, but there is no reason for you to rely on these sources when they can also mislead you. The internet is another great resource, and you can use it to verify what you have learned about these people.

French Grammar

Finance In Investment Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2085 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Topics: Investment Essay Did you like this example? 1. You have been offered the following two choicesChoice A:  £10,000 for certain; Choice B:  £20,000 with a 50% chance of occurring,  £0 with a 50% chance of occurring. Using behavioural finance, discuss and justify the choice that the majority of people would choose (i.e. choice A) 2. Outline the literature on Behavioural Finance to CRITICALLY EVALUATE whether such an assumption of rationality can be made. 3.Various theories exist to explain why long periods of growth in the price of shares are followed by sudden falls or market crashes. Evaluate the relevance of behavioural finance theory to the build up to the Dot.com bubble in 2000 and the subsequent market crash. In this essay I will be talking about behavioural finance and its increased popularity in recent academic literature. First I will give a brief description of what behavioural finance is. Basically behavioural finance is the study and theory that looks into why investors sometimes choose to ignore more traditional investment theory, such as the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), and invest into projects that do not look economically sound or do not offer the most attractive returns. Behavioural finance attempts to incorporate elements of psychology into finance to better understand investor behaviour. Essentially, behavioural finance operates under the assumption that all investors are not rational. A good quote to sum up behavioural finance is provided by Shleifer (2000) who observes that, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"at the most general level, behavioural finance is the study of human fallibility in competitive markets.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ In this section I will attempt to explain why most investors would choose option A, as set out in the above question. I will also attempt to explain why some investors would not follow others and opt for option B. The main reason why many people will undertake option A is simply because it is the most rational choice to make. Taking this choice will guarantee the investor a return of  £10000. This is consistent with much of the traditional market theory. The assumption of investor rationality is essential to all the main market investment theories such as the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) and the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT). Without this assumption the models would collapse. Another reason why most investors will take option A is the absence of risk. It is 100% certain that the investor will get a  £10000 return. Again, this is consistent with traditional market theory that states that investors will favour projects with the least amount of risk if the projects being considered all return the same amount of money. Another reason why most investors will choose option A is that concerning herd mentality. Many authors have observed that some investors will simply invest in a project because that is what everyone else is doing. This leads to the assum ption that these investors are not rational as none of the market data or theory is being considered in their investment decision. This leads into the area of behavioural finance to try to explain the actions of these investors. I will now discuss why some investors choose option B. If all investors were rational then every investor would choose option A and they would choose it for the correct reasons. However, as I have already mentioned, not all investors are rational. This is the main reason for some investors choosing option B. It is also the main assumption behind the notion of behavioural finance. There are many reasons why an investor might not behave rationally and all these reasons are the basis of behavioural finance. One reason for the irrational behaviour of some investors could be due to their own personal risk attitude. Some investors could have a risk-loving attitude to risk meaning that they go for risky options regardless of the danger. This goes against trad itional theory, which states that investors are risk averse. The investors go for the more risky option because of the possibility of more money. This leads to another reason for irrationality; greed. Another reason for the irrational behaviour is that of the notion of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"herd mentalityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Many investors will invest purely because they think that others are investing there so it must be a good idea. Other reasons for the irrational behaviour of the investor are that of over confidence, regret, misinformed, etc. All these reasons will alter the mental state of the investor causing him or her to make investment decisions that are not inline with traditional theory and that could prove to be the incorrect decision. As observed by Shleifer (2000) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"At the most general level, behavioural finance is the study of human fallibility in competitive markets.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Behavioural finance incorporates elements of cognitive psychology int o finance in an effort to better understand how individuals and entire markets respond to different circumstances. Behavioural finance is based on the principle that all investors are not rational. Some investors can be over-confident, while other less knowledgeable investors might be prone to herding effects. Shefrin (1999) was one such author to talk about behavioural finance. He is one author who argues that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"a few psychological phenomena pervade the entire landscape of finance.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Harrington (2003) agrees with the notion that overconfidence can lead to irrational behaviour. She states that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"investors can become irrational and their irrational behaviour affects their ability to profit from owning stocks and bonds.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Of course, behavioural finance does have its drawbacks. One of which is the fact that using instincts alone can result in a loss. This is due to human error. The person that is using their instincts in dete rmining where to invest might not have the greatest financial knowledge in the first place. Also, this person might be having a bad day or be under a great deal of stress or be distracted in some other way. This could result in the wrong decision being made. Therefore, it is a good idea to use behavioural finance on top of the more traditional theories already in use today. This view is supported by an article by Malkiel (1989) who agrees with the notion that behavioural aspects have a great importance in stock market valuation. He argues that behavioural factors play an important role in stock valuation alongside traditional valuation theories. This is summed up by the following quote, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"market valuations rest on both logical and psychological factors. The theory of valuation depends on the projection of a long-term stream of dividends whose growth rate is extraordinarily difficult to estimate. Moreover, the appropriate risk premiums for common equities are changeable and far from obvious either to investors or economists. Thus, there is room for the hopes, fears, and favourite fashions of market participants to play a role in the valuation process.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Another article from the Banker (2004) also supports the view that behavioural finance has a role to play alongside the traditional views. Other authors talk about some of the factors that cause investors to become irrational. On such author are Johnsson, Lindblom and Platan (2002). In their masters dissertation they talk about the various factors of irrationality. One of these is the observation that investors will hang on to losing shares longer than market theory dictates. They say that this is because they are waiting for the performance of the share to change for the better. This is referred to as loss aversion. This is an example of a psychological factor that is effecting the investment decision. Another psychological factor that affects investors, causing irrational beh aviour is that of the feeling of regret. Authors argue that past bad decisions cause investors to feel regret and this alters their behaviour in such a way as to become irrational. Another factor that causes irrational behaviour is that of when the investor uses mental shortcuts in investment decisions. These shortcuts usually make investors choose the right decision but occasionally cause the investor to make the wrong decision. Optical illusions are a good example of how shortcuts can cause mistakes. A paper on www.undicoveredmanagers.com is one such paper that covers this point. The literature I have outlined in this section can lead me to say that the assumption of rationality or lack of rationality does occur. This leads to the theories on behavioural finance having a good solid basis. I can say this because there have been many authors who have observed that certain psychological factors do influence the investment decision. These factors include over confidence and the fear of regret. These arguments seem to empirically explain the anomalies that seem to occur in the investment world. In this section I will be looking at the anomaly of dot.com bubble in 2000. I will attempt to see if behavioural finance can explain the fall and rise of this bubble. First I will briefly explain what the dot.com bubble was. The dot.com industry was comprised of companies that have started up to sell goods and services over the Internet. They were given the name dot.com due to the fact that many website addresses ended with a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"dotà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and the word com. At first, these companies were very successful and when floated on the stock market did very well financially. However, in 2000 this industry suffered a massive collapse. Many of these companies subsequently did not survive. I will now attempt to see if behavioural finance can explain this bubble. Many authors have argued that the new communication technology of the 1990à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ ž ¢s was exaggerated. By this I mean that the new innovation is by some corners, i.e. the media and governments, over triumphed. This can lead to irrational behaviour of investors. This can lead to investors becoming over confident in the technology or industry. Another factor of this over enthusiasm is that it could attract herding behaviour. The irrational investor will be more likely to invest in something that is being hyped up as they feel that others are doing the same thing. They will feel that if others are doing it then it must be a good idea for them to do it as well. A factor that will have led to the dot.com bubble is that of speculation. One such author that observed the speculation effect on the dot.com boom was Giombetti (2000). Many informed investors will have probably over invested in the technology industry going against market theory. They will have done this on the hope that their investment will pay off. Even if their investment was initially at a loss th ey would have stayed with it. Authors of behavioural finance outline this behaviour. This behaviour of these investors would have distorted the market conditions for other investors. Also, the herding effect would have been greater due to this. These factors would have led to the stock prices of the dot.coms being vastly over priced. This meant that when the bubble burst stock prices would have fell rapidly, causing investors to lose vast sums of money. This would cause them to pull out of the industry, which, in turn, cause the companies themselves to collapse. If it were not for irrational investment then investors might have pulled out earlier, before the collapse. This might have even meant that the collapse would not have happened. In conclusion, behavioural finance attempts to prove the assumption that investors do not always act rationally. It combines elements of psychology and financial to attempt to understand investment decisions. This helps explain why not all inve stors would choose the less risky option A with a guaranteed return. Factors that precipitate the irrational behaviour are over confidence, fear of regret and loss aversion. These factors cause investors not to take the correct investment decisions. This can go some way to explaining the dot.com bubble and its eventual collapse. www.UndiscoveredManagers.com (1999) Introduction to Behavioral Finance https://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/d/do/dot-com.htm Giombetti R. (2000) The Dot.com Bubble. www.EatTheState.org Vol 4, Issue 23 Harrington C. (2003) Head games: Helping quell investors irrational antics. Accounting Today, v17 i11 p5(2) Johnsson M., Lindblom H. Platan P. (2002) Behavioral Finance And the Change of Investor Behavior during and After the Speculative Bubble At the End of the 1990s Malkiel B. G. (1989) Is the stock market efficient? Science, v243 n4896 p1313(6) Shefrin H. Beyond Greed and Fear. (1999) Understanding Behavioral Finance and the Psychology of Investing. Harvard Business School Press Shleifer A. (2000) Inefficient Markets. An introduction to behavioural finance. Oxford university Press The Banker (2004) Cover feature: how much risk can you manage? Banks have a huge range of resources available to aid risk managers, but human nature can still result in a bad decision. Behavioural finance and prospect theory lifts the veil on poor investment judgement Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Finance In Investment Example For Free" essay for you Create order

Characters With Psychological Disorders Adrian Monk and...

It seems recently that the entertainment industry has provided America with authentic portrayals of characters that are suffering with psychological disorders. At first glance these characters seem to depict the disorders they are given in a somewhat realistic light. At closer examination though, the truth of the seriousness of these disorders seems minimalized and at times even glorified. Two characters that come to mind are Adrian Monk, of the USA network show Monk, and Dr. Gregory House of the Fox TV show House. Adrian Monk was brought to life by actor Tony Shaloub, and was a funny and enjoyable detective show, which has now ended after eight successful seasons. Adrian Monk is a very likeable â€Å"Colomboesque† detective who was†¦show more content†¦Frequently episodes would focus on Monk being obsessed with a singular thought for example remembering a schoolmate bullying him and on a different episode wondering if a friend was going to â€Å"steal† hi s therapist. Monk repeatedly stated that he wished he could be more like â€Å"normal people† which did bring to light the obviously unwanted nature of his disorder (Feldman, 2008). Often though, the show depicted his disorder as funny and sometimes cute and endearing to those around him. Since I have a cousin who has been struggling with this disorder her entire life, I know that this is not realistic. My cousin has not been able to keep many jobs, and has lost most of the relationships with friends and even family. Idiosyncrasies that may be funny at first glance become annoying and difficult for those around the person to understand and put up with, especially on a long term basis. I do feel this show made an admirable attempt at depicting this disorder in a realistic manner and also keeping the entertainment level needed to keep people watching. Furthermore, it seems the show grew more realistic in depicting Monk’s disorder as it progressed. (Monk, 2002) . Another character that displays a psychological disorder is Dr. Gregory House, the title character of â€Å"House† which is portrayed by HughShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesrelevance of white ethnicity in the United States, not only regarding public activities like voting but also in terms of intimate behavior such as mores and manners, childrearing practices, adolescent styles, and attitudes toward illness, psychiatric disorders, and authority, even in cases where the individuals examined were not particularly aware of their ethnicity.70 The recent waves of migration are still too new to say anything definite based on the situations of existing migrant communities. The

Cross-cultural Interactions free essay sample

Communication differs in various cultures. A multinational or a global company employs a great number of people with different cultural traits. Some may possess traits that are good for business when sent to countries away from home and some may not take up this responsibility well. People with different values respond in various ways to leadership especially from leaders from a different background or culture. Cultural diversity is very wide and this would cause to some extent difficulties for a foreigner in a strange land. This is mainly because the foreigner has ittle or no knowledge of the lands culture. For instance being a German and working in a subsidiary of the German mother company in China, I have come to realize the big difference that there is in various cultures. The team that I work with is a cross- cultural team. National culture does not fit with the organizational culture from my experience in this cross-cultural team. We will write a custom essay sample on Cross-cultural Interactions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page National culture is the values that an individual learns early in life and continues to grow or change slowly with generations. It is highly held in individuals hence difficult to influence . Organizational culture on the other hand means the wide guidelines that are created by an organization and is rooted on the Job tasks and practices.. It is a programmed way of thinking and reacting. It is used to differentiate a certain category of people from the other. Due to the deeply held national culture by people, it is difficult to change the organizational culture especially in a cross-cultural team. This is because for some, the organizational culture goes against the national culture therefore the practices of the organization will be taken for granted and undermined e. . a eadership trait which falls under an organizational culture can be easily shunned by a particular employee from a different culture if the trait is against his/her national trait. I encounter various tensions at my workplace. A group of a certain culture will follow or conform to a certain set of values and beliefs, and the other would differ from them. A large group with a set of similar values would f all in the same culture. The minority and the majority therefore have conflict when it comes to certain situations within the team. For instance, Germans are always on schedule and very unctual. This is their national culture. In the cross-cultural team there are people who have different perception when it comes to keeping time. When it comes to attending meetings for instance, there will be a set of people who will be punctual and those who will be late. This is a cause for tension within the cross-cultural team. Tension is a known cause for a decrease in a companys productivity. Action should therefore be taken to resolve tension or conflict in these teams. Conflict is a challenge that is always faced by a team that is cross-cultural because it arises from time to time. The success and failure of a team depends on its response in time of conflict. To initiate organizational changes, I have done research and have come up with a plan of giving lessons to my team members. These lessons dont give a direct solution to the conflicts but guidance on how to prevent, respond to and manage tension. The tips in my lesson plan include: Knowledge ot one selt and culture- when one becomes aware ot his culture, i. e. here he/she comes from and who he/she really is, it becomes easier to understand other peoples background hence become open to different ideas. This can be chieved by establishing friendship within the team Being inquisitive- ask other members with a different background from yours about your new environment and how best things are run and more importantly know how to deal with situations to avoid conflict Listen to people from a differen t culture effectively to have a better understanding of one anothers ways. This should only be done in situations where it doesnt cause discomfort. Learn the expectations of others by having conversations about conflicts and the way forward when it arises. Management culture that suits every single person from a different culture should be ut in place. Management culture is one of the most critical leadership tools. In my opinion, a type of management that respects the differences and similarities of all employees should be adopted. Excellent organizational culture is the main goal of a company or an organization in regards toa cross-cultural team. To achieve this goal, management culture must be put in place . First of all, understanding the uniqueness and the differences of each individual is very important. This is largely referred to as work place diversity. Diversity entails religious beliefs, gender, race, age, political beliefs, sexual orientation and ethnicity. To deal effectively with this, the HR should check on issues such as communication, coping with differences and change. Management culture is important because it creates a comfortable and positive working environment hence higher productivity from the employees. The following management strategies should be adopted: Acquiring knowledge about different cultures and their ways of conducting business The leaders should nurture the communication, creative and cultural skills of various employees and utilize these skills to improve the policies, customer service and their products Being open minded. This involves leaders and their employees coming out of their comfort zone and accepting ways that they are not familiar with in terms of management. People from different backgrounds can factor in better and fresh ideas which could result in better services and performance Formulation of programs that will recognize the diversity of each individual. This will result in more interest in their roles Posting employees to areas where they can advance culturally Language training Taking care of employees complaints and issues Testing the organizations practices to make sure that no discrimination against any ulture is practiced. At times, conflict becomes inevitable between members in the subsidiary. It always happens when there are people with a variety of different expectations. In a situation like this, I would resolve to a different way of handling conflict. The first step would be to make the employees aware of the difference in culture among them. Apart from making them aware, I would formulate a program where all employees will be taught about the existence ot diversity and to learn ways ot respecting these different values and practices. Encouraging the team to take up tasks overseas henever an opportunity arises is another positive way to handle inevitable conflicts. This will improve the interaction of employees with different backgrounds and cultures. The more knowledgeable they get about a variety of cultures, the more understanding of each other they also get. To avoid recurring tensions, another important strategy to follow through is to offer counselling to employees and their families that are moving to a new country. This can be done before and after the international assignment . When positive relationships are built between diverse individuals, a deeper understanding of each other is formed.

Bleeding the New Apocalypse by The Project Hate MCMXCIX free essay sample

I’ve always had a soft spot for the swedish melodic death metal act, The Project Hate MCMXCIX. Their softly sung yet assertive female vocals, their devilishly low male growls, the symphonics and electronics, even their blasphemous and addmittedly, a little ridiculous lyrics. They’ve been doing more or less the same thing since their debut in 2000, but it’s always worked out for the better and it’s never been very boring. After their sixth album, The Lustrate Process, which was close to a classic for me, I was wondering how long they could keep it up. The answer, evidently, was six albums. Now, don’t get me wrong; The Project Hate’s latest release, Bleeding the New Apolalypse, is not bad. However, when a band does the same thing for that long with little progression, they’re bound to hit a dead end sooner or later. In The Project Hate’s case, I’m surprsied it didn’t happen sooner. We will write a custom essay sample on Bleeding the New Apocalypse by The Project Hate MCMXCIX or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They always make a point to make their albums and songs very long while packing in as many musical ideas as they can, just for the sake of continuing their reputation of having long songs. They would have lasted way longer if they would have at least spread out all their ideas a little bit. What they need to do is realize which ideas aren’t keepers and include only the good ideas, thus shortening their songs and albums for those that aren’t very patient or those who feel it’s too much to take at one time. Making things long for the sake of having things long just isn’t working anymore. The other main issue with this album is the new female vocalist. Jo Enckell was THE clean vocalist for the band, her voice was perfect for The Project Hate’s style and when examined by itself, pretty damn good. Ruby Roque has taken her place on this record, and she does not cut it. Her range isn’t as good, her voice isn’t as fitting for the band and just plain isn’t that good. It all sounds very forced, boring, and uninteresting. She contributes to much of the repetitiveness going on here, escpecially in A Revolution of Desecrated Heavens. Just as soon as you start to think her voice is growing on you, it starts to sound even more out of place. Good news, though; Jorgen Sandstrom sounds as powerful as ever. The low, clear bark that we’ve come to know and love from him is sounding great on this record, and it actually makes up for most of Ruby’s shennanigans. That’s not the only good thing this album has to offer either. Like I said, it’s not a bad album. As the title suggests, the riffs and solos are very apocolyptic and evil sounding. The same can be said for the whole instrumentation aspect of the album, really. The production is as over the top and cheesy as ever, plus there’s more symphonic and industrial elements than usual but that’s something The Project Hate haven’t done wrong just yet, they can still make it work. The rhythm section is very well mixed, with the bass audible and the drums with a perfect tone. The instrumentation in general pretty much saved this album from being really bad. Yes, there’s plenty of boring parts to the album but the interesting/good parts are VERY good. See the songs Bring Forth Purgatory, Iesus Nazarenus, Servus Mei and The Serpent Crowning Ritual if you want to hear most of those. Is it a dissapointment? I’d be lying if I said no. The Project Hate are getting stale, and while they did have a few great ideas left to record, I don’t see them going uphill from here. Bleeding the New Apocalypse is worth a listen if you’re a fan of the band already and you feel like those ideas will make up for the mediocre and boring ones, but even then you’re better off just listening to the aforementioned songs. It’s The Project Hate MCMXCIX like they’ve always been, but they just can’t seem to make it work anymore. They’ve just added to the list of 2011 dissapointments here in the music world, and while it may not be as bad as some of the others (ahem, Morbid Angel) it’s apparent that they’re going nowhere fast.

Free Essays on Black Tv

TV is still black and white when it comes to portraying minorities. There are a few roles for Latinos, but the roles have not evolved since the days of Frito bandito. â€Å"I’m tired of reading for drug dealer parts,† say Tony Plana, who also plays a lot of Latin American dictators. The pictures even worse on Saturday mornings when a child will watch an average of 123 characters, but only see a Hispanic maybe once every other weekend. The number of African Americans on TV has increased substantially, but prime time may be one of the most segregated places in America, with most shows cast in all black or all white. â€Å"I have a better chance of living near Peter Tortorici (president of CBS Entertainment) in real life than I do on TV,† says noted writer and producer Ralph Farquhar, an African American. Many black actors are still confined to comedies. â€Å"There’s a singularity of images of blacks being happy-go-lucky buffoons,† Farquhar says. Since ethnic comedies like Amos and Andy first aired in the 1950’s, Hollywood has tended to turn the real issues and concerns of minorities into humorous plot lines and ethnic characters into caricatures, raises the question of whether these shows ultimately attack or reinforce stereotypes and prejudices. â€Å"It’s time to change the formula with a dose of reality,† says Farquhar. And yet, when Farquhar tried to do just that last year with a black drama called South Central, he was told the show â€Å"wasn’t funny enough. But life isn’t always funny. And TV’s picture of the world may be affecting children in ways Neilson ratings can’t measure.... Free Essays on Black Tv Free Essays on Black Tv TV is still black and white when it comes to portraying minorities. There are a few roles for Latinos, but the roles have not evolved since the days of Frito bandito. â€Å"I’m tired of reading for drug dealer parts,† say Tony Plana, who also plays a lot of Latin American dictators. The pictures even worse on Saturday mornings when a child will watch an average of 123 characters, but only see a Hispanic maybe once every other weekend. The number of African Americans on TV has increased substantially, but prime time may be one of the most segregated places in America, with most shows cast in all black or all white. â€Å"I have a better chance of living near Peter Tortorici (president of CBS Entertainment) in real life than I do on TV,† says noted writer and producer Ralph Farquhar, an African American. Many black actors are still confined to comedies. â€Å"There’s a singularity of images of blacks being happy-go-lucky buffoons,† Farquhar says. Since ethnic comedies like Amos and Andy first aired in the 1950’s, Hollywood has tended to turn the real issues and concerns of minorities into humorous plot lines and ethnic characters into caricatures, raises the question of whether these shows ultimately attack or reinforce stereotypes and prejudices. â€Å"It’s time to change the formula with a dose of reality,† says Farquhar. And yet, when Farquhar tried to do just that last year with a black drama called South Central, he was told the show â€Å"wasn’t funny enough. But life isn’t always funny. And TV’s picture of the world may be affecting children in ways Neilson ratings can’t measure....

Poetry Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Poetry Review - Essay Example The language used moves in a melodious iambic meter, both lulling us to drift with the speaker and awakening us to the paces of life. The first stanza uses repetition and alliteration to help soothe us into the quiet world of the hospital ward even as the tulips are seen to be a rude interruption into this world. Repeated whispers keep the tone quiet: â€Å"how white †¦ how quiet, how snowed-in† (2) and the soothing sound of the ‘th’ letter combination continue in â€Å"this bed, these hands† (4). The speaker is â€Å"learning† and â€Å"lying† (3), the â€Å"light lies† on â€Å"white walls† (Dickie, 1979), giving us a pattern of movement that is rocking on rhythm. As she wakes up, though, focus on the bright red of the tulips forces a quickening pace that is also reflected in the language. Things are â€Å"coming and going† (51), â€Å"the air snags and eddies† (54) and the tulips â€Å"concentrate my attention† (55). The tulips are filling the air â€Å"like a loud noise† (52). It is mostly due to this quickening pace toward life leading into the end of the poem that we are led to believe the poem is an affirmation of life, even though the tone remains as emotionless and detached as it first began. In â€Å"The Fish,† Elizabeth Bishop describes the perfect catch of a venerable old fish as she observes him hanging from her line. The fish hasn’t fought at all to prevent being reeled in and his skin hangs in strips â€Å"like ancient wallpaper† (11), the pattern reminding her of â€Å"full-blown roses / stained and lost through age† (14-15). These images conjure up thoughts of the family home, old and empty now that the children are grown and gone, maintenance no longer a priority in this advanced age. The fish is coated with barnacles, lime and sea-lice, with strings of seaweed attached to his underside. Through this

The Importance of Linux Creator Linus Torvalds Contribution to Term Paper

The Importance of Linux Creator Linus Torvalds Contribution to Computing - Term Paper Example He was named Linus as a result of his parents’ inspiration with the chemist Linus Pauling who had won the Nobel Prize. Linux success as a desktop operating system is not a one-time story. Several accounts of its success and fame can be found in the literature that emerged since 1991 to date. In the year 2003, when Linux was only 12 years old, an analyst said, â€Å"Twelve years on, the operating system is robust enough to run the world's most powerful supercomputers yet sleek and versatile enough to run inside consumer toys like TiVo, as well as television set-top boxes and portable devices such as cell phones and handhelds† (Rivlin, 2003). In 2008, Torvalds’s contribution to the computing world was appreciated by awarding him the CHM Fellow Award. Torvalds supervised the creation of the Linux operating system and the Linux kernel. Torvalds resolved to develop an altogether new operating system which would be based on UNIX as well as MINIX. It can not be said wit h extreme surety that Torvalds was totally aware of the effort and time that would go into the achievement of this goal or the influence this development would have both upon the word of computing and his personal life. This can be estimated from the fact that for Torvalds, developing such an operating system was nothing more than a project that he planned to do in the break he took while doing the four-year graduation course he was doing in a university in Finland. In the beginning, Linus was not more than an operating system but it became much more as Torvalds studied and meddled with MINIX, which was another operating system like UNIX. Originally, the operating system was named Linux. This name was derived from the combination of Linus and MINIX, though Torvalds planned to change the name to Freax which came from free, freak and MINIX’s combination. Nevertheless, the name Linux became popular among the users as a result of the development of a directory by Lemmke in which he had called the operating system, Linux upon the file transfer protocol (FTP) server (The Linux Information Project, 2006). In an attempt to gain reviews, Torvalds posted Linux in one of the MINIX forums, and the feedback was hilarious. Torvalds found that the users had become fanatic in their love for Linux. Despite the individualistic originality of Linux, it is, to much an extent, a product of collaboration. Within few years, Linux gained a wide fan-base many of whom were trying to play their role in the improvement of its features. Acknowledging their contribution and appreciating their efforts, Torvalds said, â€Å"They always volunteered. I wouldn't even want to work with people who don't feel passionately about what they do because searching for people to do something doesn't work†¦ It started out slow and on a very small scale. But it was a natural progression† (Tang, 2010). Internet has played a fundamental role in helping the Linux spur the movement of Open S ource. When he reflected upon the whole experience of creating the Linux, Torvalds realized that one of the most informed decisions that he made along the way was of not releasing Linux under the restrictive license that he had originally planned for, but under the GNU General Public License (GPL). GPL is the most frequently used free software license which enables people â€Å"to study, use, modify, extend and redistribute the software as long as they make the source code freely

Indochina Essay Example for Free

Indochina Essay The South Vietnamese government had a substantial amount of success in keeping power up until 1968, surprisingly. This was done in a number of ways such as; government policies, fighting tactics/strategies and the aid of other countries e. g. America. On 26th October 1955 Ngo Dinh Diem won a referendum which appointed him as the President of South Vietnam (This was a rigged vote) and gave Emperor Bao Dai the boot. Although the country wasn’t really a democracy anymore it was more like an oligarchy that implemented a totalitarian regime. Over the next coming years Diem and his followers built his army up going against the communists in their own country, carry out a new campaign known as the Denunciation Campaign. This campaign convinced people to report anyone to the government who were in favour of communism by means of supporting the Viet Minh or anyone who had fought against the French. By August 1956, Diem made it illegal, in a decree known as Ordinance 47, to be a communist or to associate with one and it is estimated that because of this decree 12 000 people were killed and 40 000 were imprisoned. Although the way the government went about getting rid of communist was seen as harsh, today it can be seen that this tactic could have greatly contributed to government being as successful as they were in keeping power up until 1968. From the moment the Geneva Conference ended in 1954, America was South Vietnams backbone. This can be proven in a letter sent from President Eisenhower of the USA to Ngo Dinh Diem which states that the United States wanted to help with the welfare, stability and strength of the government of South Vietnam. America’s contribution to South Vietnam took form in many different ways, such as; 1. America sent over a thousand military personal to South Vietnam to assist in training and building up there armies. 2. From July of 1957 to June of 1958 America paid ALL of the South Vietnamese cost for their army, 80% of government expenditures and 90% of all imports. 3. The USA provided each refugee coming into South Vietnam with $89 America was a big reason in why South Vietnam was so successful in keeping power up until 1968, without their knowledge, military and financial power South Vietnam would have fallen to he Communist very early on in the war. Another reason the Government being as successful as they were in keeping power was their fighting strategies and tactics, although to many people some of these strategies and tactics can seem harsh and inhumane they actually helped South Vietnam a lot in keeping their government up and running and it has been documented that North Vietnam’s war tactics/strategies were just as inhumane as the South. The South Vietnamese government along with the help of the Americans implemented five main war strategies and tactics. These include; Counterinsurgency, Combat Troops, Search and destroy, Chemical warfare and Pacification. Most of these were very successful on the battlefield and proved to keep some sort of stability in the government. The South Vietnamese government was sufficiently successful in their bid to keep power up until the Tet offensive in 1968. Although without the help of the American government the country would have failed to keep their power well before this. The tactics and strategies implemented by both governments defiantly helped keep the country afloat and rain in some sort of government stability.

Reflections on Death in The Snows of Kilimanjaro Essay -- Snows of Kil

Reflections on Death in The Snows of Kilimanjaro      Ã‚  Ã‚   Hemingway's The Snows of Kilimanjaro is stereotypical of "The Lost Generation" and their values. They were a generation of expatriated US writers that lived and wrote between the Great Wars and thought of themselves separates from the postwar values and "above" the materialistic western society and continuously question morality and philosophy in their work. They tended to think very little of the rich people. These reflections on life are clear during Harry's retrospectives all throughout the story. In this all around depressing story, Harry is in Africa with his wife and a few days back scratched his leg and it got infected to the point of gangrene. Since the begging of the story Harry is well aware he is going to die and reflects back on his life and his failure as a writer and to some point as a human being.       "I watched the way they sailed very carefully at first in case I ever wanted to use them in a story. That's funny now."1 In this sentence Harry reflects on the buzzards that are attracted by the odor of impending death and how as many other things he wanted to write about and thought he would, he never will now. There are several anecdotes throughout the story that all by themselves could be whole stories, but Harry just never got around to writing about them probably because he did not have confidence in himself as a writer. "But he had never written a line of that, nor of that cold, bright Christmas day with the mountains showing across the plain that Barker had flown across the lines to bomb the Austrian officers' leave train, machine-gunning them as they scattered and ran." 2 This is one of the many experiences the narrator has during his life... ...that at the end would be something welcome as a weight lifted off his chest.      Bibliography: Endnotes: 1 Hemingway, Ernest,   "The Snows of Kilimanjaro," in The Norton Anthology: American Literature, fourth edition-volume 2, page 1635.  Ã‚  Ã‚   2 Hemingway, page 1638. 3 Hemingway, page 1637. 4 Hemingway, page 1637. 5 Hemingway, page 1639. 6 Hemingway, page 1640. 7 Hemingway, page 1640. 8 Hemingway, page 1634. 9 Hemingway, page 1643. 10 Hemingway, page 1651. 11 Hemingway, page 1650-51. 12 Hemingway, page 1650. Other Referenced material not cited. 13 Wilson, M. (2000, October 23). The Hemingway Resource Center (Online). Available: http://www.lostgeneration.com/hembio.html 14 Ogunsuyi, Dr. Austin (2001, September ). African Culture (Online). Available : http://africancultures.about.com/cs/customs/

Book Critique Family to Family Essay

Author Information The authors of the book are Jerry Pipes and Victor Lee. Content Summary In the book, Family to Family, Families Making a Difference, the writers detail the major premise of the work within its first few pages: â€Å"Family to Family will help you discover God’s purpose for your family, develop a family mission statement, establish core values, make time for quality and quantity family time centered around God’s purposes, and equip you to lead your children to Christ and mentor them spiritually† (3). The book’s purpose is to maximize family time in the Lord, bringing family members closer together by helping them actualize their standing first in Christ, and then as they relate and interact with each other. The book promotes the idea of discovering â€Å"the critical link between being on mission as a family and passing the baton of your faith on to your children† (3). This line of thought is prevalent in the book and it seems to summarize the mission of the writers. The book views itself as being based and rooted in the solid foundation of the scriptures, and the authors express as much: â€Å"The bottom line–God’s plan for the family has been revealed in His Word†¦ The success of our families will be determined by our commitment to know and live the principles of God’s Word† (3). In the first chapter of the book, the writers make the contention that many families are not healthy and are not spending quality time with one another. The writers reference research gathered from The American Family Association and George Barna. Through the accumulated research, the writers state that, â€Å"only 34 percent of America’s families eat one meal together each day. (In addition) the average father spends only eight to 10 minutes a day with his children. This includes meal times.† (6) Another alarming statistic that they present to their audience is that â€Å"only 12 percent of America’s families pray together, (and) the average couple spends only four minutes of uninterrupted time together a day† (6). After the writers finish sharing some alarming statistics, they proceed to identify what a healthy Christian family should look like. They call for persons to examine their own families and to ask the following questions: Is it a cohesive unit or a disjointed collection of individuals? Is it on mission for God or unsure of its mission? Is it flowing or fumbling? Disciplined or destructive? Purposeful or pointless (7)? From the second chapter onward, the writers seek to allow the book to serve as a guide to nurture an unhealthy family as they move towards an improved level of spiritual health. The writers begin by proposing a family mission statement, stating that, â€Å"A family mission statement will serve as a centerline and guardrails for your family on the road through life† (25). The writers lead us on an extensive exposition on the importance of a familial mission statement and how to initiate one and incorporate one into our families. In chapter two, they present seven realities, which are geared towards accepting and incorporating the fact that God is and can be an ever-present reality within your family. The writers then discuss the importance of teaching and sharing the Gospel with children. They present the fact that 90 percent of all Christians have accepted Jesus before the age of 25, and therefore, place a premium on passing the baton onto the next generation as early as we can (51). The remainder of the book becomes a summary of other evangelical programs and ideas, shared in an effort to encourage the entire family to become an evangelizing force together. They include the models of concentric circles (75) and other familial evangelistic ideas, which are geared towards the family being unified and presenting that unification before others as a witness to their unity in Christ. In the final chapter of the book, the writers detail the importance of Biblical based evangelism for all of those persons involved in the family unit. The writers advocate what they call the FIRM approach to evangelism, which involves: F – ask about family, I – ask about their interests-listen, R – ask about religion-listen, and M – share the message (114-115). Lastly, the writers provide some practical methods for sharing the Gospel, which include some scripture memorization and tips on a salvation-testimony presentation. Evaluation The book seeks to establish a rationale for the disunity of the modern family and then to provide mechanisms to promote unity within the family through the Word, then to evangelize through the family as a united front in Christ. The book is short, efficient and to the point. It allows for easy reading and presents an effective rationale for families being unified first in Christ (with each other), and then presenting that unification as an active, vibrant testimony to others. The writers identify early on that this is a book for families in crisis, and the greatest contributing factor to that difficulty involves time and busyness within the members of the family itself. Due to the simplistic presentation of the material, the writers allow for a potential impact for a wide variety of persons and family units (beyond the traditional ones). The writer’s presentation of unhealthy families and the facts provided which detail children who have fallen away from the church cannot be understated in its level of importance, and serves to provide the reader with a foundation for the rest of the work. The flow of the work involves a clever method employed by the writers that mixes conversational and anecdotal stories with necessary information, which is important to hold the interest of the target audiences. The writers may have perhaps offered a more compelling argument, had they given their target audience a little more background information concerning the statistics they compiled, rather than just highlighting that information in endnotes. The chapter on mission statements feels rushed, and gives the impression that research for the work appears to be somewhat lacking. Case in point: there is no citation offered concerning the comparison of Jonathan Edwards and the Jukes families. This cannot help but offer the audience the false notion that the writers composed the necessary research to develop the notion they are putting forth (24-25). The writers provide another example without properly citing and giving credit to the source on page 26, in the example of the bucket of sand and the big rock and the little rock. This is an illustration which has been used by many in the past, and the writers are not the original source of it. They state, â€Å"Perhaps you have seen the illustration of the big rocks and little rocks† (26). Again, this may be nitpicking; however, I believe that they need to demonstrate responsibility, since the book is a Christian work. The book contains relevant study questions and provides a plethora of workbook-like material. That being said, the work is ideal for small group studies in the church and provides a foundational approach for working with families. Beyond being simple enough for the new convert to understand, the book is filled with practical and insightful applications for all believers to use in their endeavors to spread the Word within their families and to others. The writers have fulfilled their purpose in the book. It is obvious to see, with the statistics presented and the commentary offered, that families are in trouble and the church needs to respond to their needs. The church is comprised (mostly) of families. The enemy is aware that if he destroys the family unit (as presented in scripture), then he goes a long way to placing a major injury on the church. Pipes and Lee are to be commended for their efforts. They wrote Family to Family: Leaving a Lasting Legacy, as a reply to the susceptibility of even supposedly Christian families to the status quo. This status quo, as presented by the writers, involves an adherence to one of the varying levels of dysfunction that many families experience. The outline for families in the scriptures is one man, one woman, and if they are blessed, then children. This work provides an excellent evangelistic modality within which to engage all types of families (single parent, no children, etc). This is due to the fact that, regardless of the construction of the particular family, salvation is needed within and should be displayed cohesively to the world. That being said, one can see that, once a family mission statement is adopted, the potential for manipulation within a family is obvious. Potential problems could arise should one of the parents attempt to use the mission statement to manipulate their children to act and perform in the manner that they desire. Should conflict and divorce arise in the family (which is a startling reality for the church as well as the world), then these paradigms constructed originally to help could instead be used to further divide the entire family. With any risk of developing methodology and then instructing others to incorporate this methodology into their lives, without being able to control all extraneous variables (which only God can), there is the potential danger for some using the writer’s material for abusive purposes. Yet in taking this risk, the writers succeed. This is largely due to the fact that they speak the truth of the scriptures in love, and are to be applauded for developing and exhorting others to incorporate these methods into their lives to improve their families and evangelize the lost. There is something pure and right about someone trying to assist others whom are in desperate struggles in this life. The writers have presented a unique and challenging way for the church to implement and instruct families which are in desperate need of such tutoring. A most wonderful encapsulating quote is found on page 114, which states, â€Å"The bottom line is sharing the way of salvation through Jesus Christ. This is what this book is all about: raising your family to follow Christ. Following Christ means sharing the gospel with those who do not know Him. Jesus said, ‘Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men’ (Matt.4:19). If you are not fishing, you are not following. You and your family are on mission to be fishers of men† (114). This is a rousing call to families and the Body of believers. Those who endeavor to heed the call must realize the writer’s purposes in desiring to show them a way to raise their families to serve and follow Jesus. BIBLIOGRAPHY Pipes, Jerry and Victor Lee. Family to Family, Families Making a Difference. Lawrenceville, GA: Jerry Pipes Productions, 1999.

The Dark And Despair Of A Math Midterm- - 1724 Words

Veronica had clawed her way out of the dark and despair of a math midterm- she deserved a few minutes of after-school peace with her dog and the pacific ocean, she thought. It’s unfathomable that some people don’t have access to the beach. Her mind conjured up one of her worst conscious nightmares- her, older, married with brats, living in some midwestern state where beaches were things of myth and corn was all but currency. She shook her head, her daydream interrupted by her cell ringing. â€Å"You okay, Veronica?† Ah Wallace. Dependable, sweet, Wallace. â€Å"My GPA’s gonna take a hit, but I’ll probably still get into some of the sluttier colleges; you know, the lesser ones with the lower standards,† Veronica mused, patting her†¦show more content†¦What nagged at Veronica, was that if that was Missy’s body found in a shallow grave almost ten miles from where her car was found- hypothetically, if the two cases were related, Missy’s and Lilly’s, Jake Kane would have had no apparent reason to kill Missy Blake. Either the murders weren’t connected, or her dad had risked and lost everything- his reputation, his job, their house, his wife- for a theory that was being unraveled by another murder. Don Lamb’s face on her television didn’t comfort Veronica in the slightest. One unsolved teen murder in Neptune frightened the public, the second in as many years was panic; the killer among them on the loose, the anchorwoman said people feared. Thinking their neighbor could be a killer, living with that fear and uncertainty- Veronica understood why people were uncomfortable living with constant, unrestricted suspicion. It wasn’t always a picnic. FBI correspondents will not make a comment about their work on the Missy Blake case, except to say that any and all resources the Balboa County Sheriff’s Department needs are to be immediately available, and that inter-departmental efforts can only help the community deal with the loss and fear of a missing teen. Back Up in her lap on the couch let out a heavy sigh, and Veronica had to wholeheartedly agree. Her mind thought about a venn

Alzheimer s Disease A Slow Progressing...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a slow-progressing neurodegenerative disease that has no cure and most often affects people over the age of sixty-five. Neurodegeneration is characterized by the loss of function in the central nervous system due to degeneration of neurons found mostly in the brain. The most recent data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention shows that AD is the sixth-leading cause of death in the United States. The cause of Alzheimer’s is still not completely understood, but the current theory is that it appears to be genetic in which many genes are involved. AD is also the most common form of dementia and accounts for 60-80% of cases (Alzheimer’s Association 2016). Dementia is not a disease itself, but instead is characterized by a group of symptoms that is caused by brain disease or injury in which memory, personality, and reasoning skills are affected. Alzheimer’s disease was discovered in the early 20th century by Alois Alzheime r. Alois was a German neurologist and psychiatrist who first identified the symptoms of AD in a 51-year-old patient of his who was known simply by the name Auguste D. This patient was brought to him in 1901 by her family who could no longer care for her due to her changed personality traits including aggression, memory loss, language, and other behavioral deficits. Alois followed the patient for 5 years (until her death) and noted how she had developed severe memory loss, unreasonable suspicions about her family, andShow MoreRelatedThe Mystery Of Alzheimer s Disease1537 Words   |  7 Pagesthinking, and behavior. The purpose of this paper is to discuss medical definition, etiology, signs and symptoms, stages of disease progression, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is Ultimately fatal. Medical Definition. Alzheimer s disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brain s nerve cells, or neurons, resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes. These neuronsRead MoreSymptoms Of Alzheimer s Disease2043 Words   |  9 PagesAlzheimer’s disease. It took an emotional toll on me and my family members. I believe Alzheimer is much harder on me and my loved ones than on my grandfather; because he was unaware of what was going on. It’s painful watching my grandfather degrade and get worse each and every day. The worst thing is that he doesn’t even know who I am anymore. In this paper I will discuss certain risk factors, background of Alzheimer’s, Background of Alzheimer’s Alzheimer’s disease was first identifiedRead MoreOutline Of Alzheimer s Disease2765 Words   |  12 PagesShammai Topper Dr. Milton Schiffenbauer Research Topics in Biology GSB 493 CA Alzheimer’s disease Introduction Alzheimer’s disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that accounts for sixty to seventy percent of Dementia cases. It is characterized by the development of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, the loss of connection between neurons in the brain and the death of nerve cells. There are two types of Alzheimer’s Early on-set Alzheimer’s which occur from the ages of thirtyRead MoreLong Term Facilities And Their Levels Of Service, And Financing For Individuals Who Are Facing The Challenge Of2902 Words   |  12 Pagespaper will be to explore available long-term services, long-term facilities and their levels of service, and financing for individuals who are facing the challenge of Alzheimer s disease. This is an important topic that affects me personally and professionally as well as having lasting effects on our community. Alzheimer s disease currently ranks as the #6 leading cause of death in the United States and with the Baby Boomer generation currently standing as the largest aging population in theRead MoreAlzheimers Essay2484 Words   |  10 PagesAlzheimer’s Disease Kathryn Hardcastle, PSY 340 February 5, 2012 Chris Garwick-Foley Alzheimer ’s Disease Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disorder that causes a gradual and irreversible decline of cognitive abilities (Feldman, 2010, p. 325). Informally known as â€Å"old timers† disease, it strikes more than half of the elderly community greater than age 85 (Feldman, 2010). In addition to the loss of memory there are also major neurological, functional, and behavioral changes asRead MoreParkinson Disease : A Progressive Disorder That Affects The Nervous System2652 Words   |  11 PagesParkinson disease is known as a progressive disorder that affects the nervous system. Some of the main symptoms of the disorder include tremor, muscular rigidity and slow imprecise movement. On the other hand Alzheimer s disease is the most common cause of dementia. The disorder includes memory loss along with difficulties with thinking, problem-solving or language. Both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s have many similarities but evidence may suggest they are separate disorders. Both Parkinson’s and

Erik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory Essay - 1155 Words

There are many methods for studying human social development. In Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, social interactions are an important and determining factor of lifespan development. Although Erikson was influenced by many of Sigmund Freud’s studies, his studies were based upon psychosocial development versus psychosexual development. Erikson, like Freud, emphasized the importance of childhood on personality development, but unlike Freud, he believed that development occurred across the entire lifespan. Erikson thought personality developed through a series of eight stages each signified by a â€Å"crisis†. According to Erikson, if the individual successfully overcomes the situation it helps to develop a lifelong skillset, but if the crisis is not successfully resolved it may hinder development. The sense of competence or the sense of inadequacy at each stage ultimately develops an individual’s identity or â€Å"all of the beliefs, ideals, and values that shape and guide a person’s behavior (Cherry).† By examining my own social development through life and gathering information from my parents, specifically about my childhood, I made many comparisons to and connections to my own identity. As Erikson’s stages are confined by age, I considered the first five stages of the psychosocial theory of development and related them to my life. Trust versus mistrust is Erikson’s first stage and occurs during infancy, which is from birth to about two years of age. Because of an infant’sShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory1652 Words   |  7 PagesErik Erikson s psychosocial theory and Sigmund Freud s psychosexual theory are two well-known theories of personality development with various similarities and differences. While Erikson was influenced by Freud s ideas, his theory differed in a number of important ways and was ultimately created to be an improvement to Freud’s personality devel opment theory (Friedman Schustack, 2012). Like Freud’s psychosexual theory, Erikson agreed that personality progresses in a sequence of predeterminedRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesErik Erikson’s psychosocial theory states that we go through 8 developmental stages in life. Erikson states that these stages are necessary in the progression and development of human growth from infancy into adulthood. Each developmental stage presents a crisis that must be resolved during that stage for a healthy development. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory outlines that we develop in psychosocial stages instead of psychosexual ones. I agree with Erikson because one might not get through theRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development884 Words   |  4 PagesErik Erikson Erik Erikson was born June 15, 1902. Erikson is best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked an important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood event, his psychosocial theory looked at how social influences contribute to personality throughout the entire lifespan. Erik Erikson died May 12, 1994 due to prostate cancer. (Erik Erikson, 2015). Stages of Psychosocial DevelopmentRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development Essay1177 Words   |  5 Pages Erik Erikson was born in Greman in 1902-1994, American psychoanalyst; known for psychosocial theory of emotional development of human beings. His theory looks at the impact of parents and society on personality development from childhood to adulthood. Erikson believes, each person has to pass through a series of eight stages over there entire life cycle. I will look at the first 3 stages that cover the childhood years. There are set of conflict at each stage, which allows individual to developRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Development Theory1518 Words   |  7 PagesABSTRACT This research paper will show a thorough review of Erik Erikson s Psychosocial Development Theory, specifically the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Psychosocial Development, according to Erik Erikson, is a continuity of crisis throughout our lifespan; these challenges will shape our personality and the way we perceive our surroundings. In addition to this, the different stages mentioned in this Theory complement each other and help us to develop the tools to achieve a sense ofRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development Essay1366 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Erik Erikson (1902-1994) provided a new perspective of psychosocial behavior and development while expanding on the works of other theorists. Erikson believed there to be eight stages of psychosocial development which a person transitions through. These stages start at birth and end with old age/death. Erikson’s work is used throughout many outlets of social work. Social workers use this information to help them figure out what is going on with clients and how best to help them. Erikson providesRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development1445 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson was an ego psychologists who developed one of the utmost popular and prominent theories of development. While Erikson’s theory was influenced by psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud s work, Erikson s theory centered on psychosocial development rather than psychosexual development. Erik Erikson s theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. UnlikeRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development1818 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluential theories in developmental psychology, which is Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development. It is a very interesting theory, and although it was influenced by Sigmund Freud, it centers more on the social component rather than the psychosexual stand of Freud. According to Erikson, our personal development occurs as we interact daily with others and have new experiences that shape us throughout our lives. This paper will review the eight stages of the psychosocial theory: 1. TrustRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development Essay1775 Words   |  8 Pages Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is one of the most influential theories of human development. While highly influenced by the works of Sigmund Freud, Ericson’s theory incorporates the impact of society and conflicts of the ego, and expands it across the entire life-span of human existence. His theory breaks a life into eight stages of Psychosocial Development. In each stage a person will undergo a psychosocial crisis, which he defines as â€Å"†¦not a threat of catastrophe, but a turningRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory788 Words   |  4 Pagesfriends. Majority of the staff felt that he did not deserve to have the cupcakes. Thus, in the end, my cooperating teacher decided not to celebrate his birthday. Reflect Joseph is ten years old and is in the fourth grade. According to Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, he is in the industry versus inferiority stage (Crandell et al., 2012). Students at this stage are curious and want to complete tasks independently. They want to feel competent and want to show that they are capable of accomplishing

Management and Work free essay sample

Evaluate the benefits of delegation Delegation is widely acknowledged to be an essential element of effective management (Yukl, G. 1994). Delegation is basically a process of assigning responsibility, sharing authority, and producing accountability in organizations. It is a managerial instrument that allows managers to nurture subordinates to capitalize the subordinate’s potential and ability to meet organizational goals and objectives. As a form of employee involvement in decision-making, delegation describes a category of leader behavior that entails assignment of new responsibilities to subordinates and additional authority to carry them out (Yukl, G. 1998). Managers usually find it easier to speak about delegation of responsibility then to accomplish the organizational goals. Effective delegation can benefit the manager, the employee, and the organization. Perhaps the most important benefit for the company is a higher quality of work. Delegation can improve quality of work by allowing the employees who have direct knowledge of products and services to make decisions and complete tasks. Quality can also improve through enhanced employee  motivation. Employees may do a better job because they feel a personal  accountability  for the outcome, even though responsibility ultimately rests with the individual who made the delegation. Motivation  should also be enhanced as delegation enriches the workers job by expanding the types of tasks that are involved in it. Roebuck, Chris. (1998) Another advantage of delegation is efficient use of time and talent. Delegation will help a manager use her time and the time of her employees effectively, and it will allow a manager to get even more work done then they will alone. Delegation is a way of empowering employees as well, and this is a promising advantage. Giving responsibility and accountability to employees will give them an opportunity to showcase their skills and talents; it will also provide them with the opportunity to have pride in their work. Managers who delegate effectively also receive several personal benefits; most importantly, they have more time to do their own jobs when they assign tasks to others. Given the hectic nature of  managerial  work, time is a precious commodity. Effective delegation frees the manager to focus on  managerial  tasks such as planning and control. Managers also benefit from the development of  subordinates skills. With a more highly skilled workforce, they have more  flexibility  in making assignments and are more efficient decision makers. Managers who develop their workforce are also likely to have high personal power with their staff and to be highly valued by their organization. Straub, Joseph T. (1998) AC 1. 2 Explain how delegation can be used to empower others. Empowerment is the force that makes teamwork effective. An empowered team is significantly more productive than a group of individuals working under strict guidelines. As the people in workgroup become aware that leaders are willing to empower them, they are more committed to the tasks. Meyer, Paul J. (2007). Empowering team members through delegation involves transferring not only the responsibility for performing tasks, but also the authority, resources, rewards, and knowledge necessary to perform them. In some situations, standardization and inflexibility are essential. However, in giving assignments, recognize when teamwork and flexibility are the better approach. Empowering people requires a leader to become teacher, coach, colleague, and mentor, not just boss. Followers and peers in some cases even exceed leader’s abilities, ideas, and expectations. Successful delegation requires planning, careful introduction and training, commitment of all team members, and effective follow-up. Effective delegation always involves adequate communication. People accept responsibility and act when they know what you expect. Talk informally with a person before actually turning over responsibility. Non-threatening approach allows the person to express fears or enthusiasm about the idea of accepting delegated responsibility. Moving up to a higher level of delegation provides more time empowers the team member for increased productivity. Roebuck, Chris. (1998). In many ways, empowerment embodies principles effective managers and leaders have practiced for years. Two new driving forces in business, increased diversity and high-speed change, magnify the need for empowerment. Empowering people is now indispensable for effective personal productivity and maximum team success. AC 2. 1 Justify an appropriate process to follow when delegating work within your area of responsibility? When delegating work within one’s area of responsibility, following process can be tracked for appropriate process (UK’s NMC’s Council, 2007) Treat people as individuals * Leader must treat people as individuals and respect their dignity. * Must not discriminate in any way. * Must treat people kindly and considerately. Must act as an advocate for those in one’s care, helping them to access relevant health and social care, information and support. Respect peoples confidentiality * Leader must respect peoples right to confidentiality. * Must ensure people are informed about how and why information is shared by those who will be providing their care. * Must disclose information if leader believe someone may be at risk of harm, in line with the law of the country in which leader is practicing. Collaborate with those in leader’s care * Leader must listen to the people in his/her care and respond to their concerns and preferences. Must support people in caring for themselves to improve and maintain their health. * Must recognise and respect the contribution that people make to their own care and wellbeing. * Must make arrangements to meet peoples language and communication needs. * Must share with people, in a way they can understand, the information they want or need to know about their health. Ensure gain consent * Leader must ensure that one’s gain consent before begin any treatment or care. * Must respect and support peoples rights to accept or decline treatment and care. Must uphold peoples rights to be fully involved in decisions about their care. * Must be aware of the legislation regarding mental capacity, ensuring that people who lack capacity remain at the center of decision making and are fully safeguarded. * Must be able to demonstrate that you have acted in someones best interests if you have provided care in an emergency. Maintain clear professional boundaries * Leader must refuse any gifts, favours or hospitality that might be interpreted as an attempt to gain preferent ial treatment. Must not ask for or accept loans from anyone in your care or anyone close to them * Must establish and actively maintain clear sexual boundaries at all times with people in leader’s care, their families and cares. AC 2. 2 Allocate and monitor work that you have delegated within your own area of responsibility. To allocate and monitor work that one have delegated within his/her own area of responsibility following matters are required to be achieved (Barter M, Furmidge ML. UAP, 1994) and (BuerhausPI, Needleman J, Mattke S, Stewart M, 2002)- a) Outcomes Of Effective Performance One must be able to do the following: 1. Confirm the work required of the team with his/her manager and seek clarification, where necessary, on any outstanding points and issues. 2. Plan how the team will undertake its work, identifying any priorities or critical activities and making best use of the available resources. 3. Allocate work to team members on a fair basis taking account of their skills, knowledge and understanding, experience and workloads and the opportunity for development. 4. Brief team members on the work they have been allocated and the standard or level of expected performance. . Encourage team members to ask questions, make suggestions and seek clarification in relation to the work they have been allocated. 6. Check the progress and quality of the work of team members on a regular and fair basis against the standard or level of expected performance and provide prompt and constructive feedback 7. Support team members in identifying and dealing with problems and un foreseen events. 8. Motivate team members to complete the work they have been allocated and provide, where requested and where possible, any additional support and/or resources to help completion. . Recognize successful completion of significant pieces of work or work activities by team members and the overall team etc. b) Behaviors Which Underpin Effective Performance One must knowledge about the following: 1. make time available to support others. 2. clearly agree what is expected of others and hold them to account. 3. 3prioritise objectives and plan work to make best use of time and resources. 4. show integrity, fairness and consistency in decision-making. 5. seek to understand people’s needs and motivations. 6. take pride in delivering high quality work. 7. ake personal responsibility for making things happen. 8. encourage and support others to make the best use of their abilities etc. c) Knowledge and Understanding One needs to know and understand the following: i. Gener al knowledge and understanding 1. Different ways of communicating effectively with members of a team. 2. The importance of confirming/clarifying the work required of the team with your manager and how to do this effectively. 3. How to plan the work of a team, including how to identify any priorities or critical activities and the available resources. 4. How to identify and take due account of health and safety issues in the planning, allocation and checking of work. 5. Ways of encouraging team members to ask questions and/or seek clarification and make suggestions in relation to the work which they have been allocated. 6. Effective ways of regularly and fairly checking the progress and quality of the work of team members. 7. The type of problems and unforeseen events that may occur and how to support team members in dealing with them. 8. How to log information on the ongoing performance of team members and use this information for performance appraisal purposes etc. i) Industry/sector specific knowledge and understanding 1. Industry/sector specific legislation, regulations, guidelines, codes of practice relating to carrying out work. 2. Industry/sector requirements for the development or maintenance of knowledge, understanding and skills. iii) Context specific knowledge and understanding 1. The members, purpose and objectives of his /her team. 2. The work required of his/her team. 3. The available resources for undertaking the required work. 4. His/hers team’s plan for undertaking the required work. 5. The skills, knowledge and understanding, experience and workloads of team members. 6. Reporting lines in the organization and the limits of his/her authority. 7. Organizational standards or levels of expected performance. 8. Organizational policies and procedures for dealing with poor performance. AC 3. 1 Review how well you delegated the task, based on the outcomes of the delegated task and feedback from others. Here are 10 ways  for effective delegation and reviewing delegation based on the outcomes of the delegated task and feedback from others: 1. Delegate early. Make an effort to delegate the task early to avoid unnecessary pressure. This allows the  person to better plan the task. 2. Select the right person. Ensure that the person has the time to take on the responsibility. Assess the skills and capabilities of his/her staff  and assign the task to the most appropriate person. Make sure the person has the training and resources  to succeed. 3. Communicate the rationale and benefit. Identify  the reason for the task and how it will contribute to the goals of the company or department or team. Also, point out how the  delegated task could benefit the person. For example, develop a specific skill that is needed to get promoted. 4. Delegate the entire task to one person. This gives the person the responsibility, increases their motivation and avoids ambiguity in accountability. Otherwise, different people will have different ideas about who does what when. 5. Set clear goals and expectations. Be clear and specific on what is expected. Give information on what, why, when, who and where. Be prepared to accept input from subordinates. Confirm and verify task goals and expectations. 6. Delegate responsibility and authority. Ensure that the subordinate is given the relevant responsibility and authority to complete the task. Let the subordinate complete the task in the manner they choose, as long as the results are what you specified. Be willing to accept ideas from the subordinate on task fulfillment. 7. Provide support, guidance and  instructions. Point subordinates to the resources they may need to complete the task or project. That could be people they need to coordinate with,  crucial information or  be willing to be a resource his/herself. 8. Take personal interest in  the progress of delegated task. Request to be updated on the progress of the task, provide assistance when necessary. Be careful not to be intrusive; giving the perception that he/she does not trust the subordinate. Keep communication lines open, regular meetings on large tasks can provide this ongoing feedback. 9. If he/she is not satisfied with the progress, don’t take the project back immediately. Rather, continue to work with the employee and ensure they understand the project to be their responsibility. Give advice on ways to improve. This ensures accountability and dependability. 10. Evaluate and recognize performance. Evaluate results more than methods. Analyze cause of insufficient performance for improvements and recognize successes as soon as possible. AC 3. 2 Assess how you can improve your own ability to delegate and empower others. Here are some suggestions for improving one’s own ability to delegate and empower others (Credit Research Foundation, 1999): 1. Understand the purpose of delegating very clearly. 2. Decide specifically what one can delegate. Generally delegate as much of ones work as possible. 3. Recognize that subordinates will make mistakes. Make sure they understand what they are to do. Be willing to take blame for mistakes that may be made. 4. Clarify what he/she is delegating. Agree on what the task is and how much power he/she is delegating to them to perform a particular job. Also, let others know of the arrangements so that proper cooperation will be extended to get the job done. 5. Most important,  follow-up. Remember that although you have delegated responsibility and empowered others to get the job done, he/she still have the final accountability for the job. Ask his/her team for progress reports or discuss with them from time to time. Empowerment This newer strategy may in-fact be the culmination of all the points above. Simply put, empowerment is delegation taken a step farther. In delegation, the supervisor is not only accountable for the results, but also assumes some responsibility since in most cases the delegated tasks most often are the job of the supervisor. Empowerment is the total, unmistakable passing on of responsibility to a person or team to accomplish a job or perform a process. As coach or supervisor, one have to maintain accountability for the overall outcome or results of the process. Empowerment brings with it a challenge for the organization to provide state-of-the-art systems, education, tools and most importantly support to the team for maximum performance. Applying empowerment frequently shifts ownership of a function or process from a traditional supervisor to a group, and with that ownership transfer; pride, job satisfaction, motivation and creativity develop. References Barter M, Furmidge ML. UAP: issues relating to delegationand supervision. J Nurs Adm. April 1994;24:36-40 BuerhausPI, Needleman J, Mattke S, Stewart M. Strengthening hospital nursing. HealthAff. Credit Research Foundation, (1999), www. crfonline. com. Roebuck, Chris. (1998). Effective Delegation. New York: American Management Association. September-October 2002;21:56-64. Straub, Joseph T. (1998). The Agile Managers Guide to Delegating Work. Bristol, VT: Velocity Business Publishing. UK’s NMC’s Council (6 December 2007), Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives for implementation. Yukl, G. (1998). Leadership in organizations (4th ed. ). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice–Hall.

March 2, 1992 During The Greek Golden Age, Art And Philosophy Expresse

March 2, 1992 During the Greek Golden Age, art and philosophy expressed hellenic "weltanschauung", their unique outlook on the world and way of life. Through the works of artists, playwrights, and philosophers, one can see both sides of the conflicted systems of the world, such as; good vs. evil, order vs. chaos, stability vs. flux, relativism vs. absolutism and balance and harmony. The Greeks were materialists. They adopted the philosophical doctrine which says that physical matter is the only reality in the universe; everything else, including thought, feeling, mind and will can be explained in terms of physical laws. Their materialism was expressed in an excessive regard for worldly, beautiful material things and concerns. They used their art to show the glories of humanity and man. The sculptors of the Golden Age aimed to create graceful, strong and perfectly formed figures. Their art showed natural positions and thoughtful expressions rather than abstract art forms. Their stand ards of order and balance became standards for classical art in western civilization. The Greeks were proud of their temples and other architecture, made to honor the gods and beautify the polis (city-state). Their famous architectural styles were the heavy Doric columns and the slender scrolled Ionian columns. The Parthenon, the Greek temple for the goddess Athena, is a impeccable example of symmetry and proportion. The sides of the Parthenon give an optical illusion of perfect balance on all sides. Their desire for balance in art and architecture represents the balance of the world; order and moderation are expressed in the simplicity of lines and shapes. The resulting overall structure works together to achieve harmony. In ancient Greece, public drama was more than entertainment. It was a form of public education. It dealt with issues of importance to the people, such as; the authority of the leaders, the power of the people, questions of justice, morality, wars, peace, the dut ies of the gods, family life and city living. Aeschylus wrote about the furies and how they punished man for wrongdoings. This shows that he believed that chaos would be punished because order (and law) is the ideal state. Sophocles is best known for his plays of Oedipus. Those plays dealt with family and civic loyalty. The Greeks emphasized, particularly in their plays, the importance of loyalty as a goal to strive for. We learn a lot about Greek views through their philosophy, which literally means the love of knowledge. The Greeks educated through a series of questions and answers, in order to better teach about life and the universe. The first philosopher was Thales. He believed in absolutism and eternal matter. He said that water was the original matter and that without it, there would be no life. Parmenides stated that stability and permanence were the underlying conditions of the universe. He believed that change is only an illusion and that one's senses can only grasp superf icial realities of change. Heroditus argued with Parmenides saying that change was the basic condition of reality. He further claimed that all permanence was false. Thus he saw things as naturally being in flux rather than a stable state. Democritus argued with both Parmenides and Heroditus. He insisted that there is nothing spiritual and that only matter existed. He then went on to say that everything is made of little invisible particles, hooked up in different arrangements. He was an atomist. The Greek philosophers went on to question the nature of being and the meaning of life. Pythagoras was the first metaphysicist, one who studies beyond physical existence. He believed in a separation between spirit and body, an opposition between good and evil and between discord and harmony. In the 5th century, the Greeks learned from Sophists, who believed that the views of society are standards and the sole measurement of good, truth, justice and beauty. Protagoras was a sophist. He said that, "man is the measure of all things." He believed in a constant flux, and that nothing is absolutely right or wrong, but subject to change. His view is much like that held by Parmenides. The philosophers then asked a question such as; what would happen if things that were wrong were seen by society as acceptable? What,